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Evaluation of an object |
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Attitude components |
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Affect (emotions) |
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Behavior |
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Cognition (beliefs) |
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Beliefs and attitudes |
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Anderson's information-integration model |
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Ajzen and Fishbein's theory of reasoned action |
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Evaluative-cognitive consistency; Wilson’s
research |
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Dimensional representations of attitudes |
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Cacioppo, Kerlinger, Weisberg, etc.: attitudes
are not unipolar |
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Do attitudes “cause” behaviors? |
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Attitude–behavior inconsistency |
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Corresponding level of specificity |
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Absence of environmental obstacles |
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Fazio’s theory of attitude accessibility |
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Behaviors cause attitudes |
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Cognitive dissonance theory |
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Festinger & Carlsmith’s original
insufficient justification paradigm |
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Bem’s critique: self-perception is responsible |
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Resolution: self-perception governs the
development of attitudes, but cognitive dissonance may bring about attitude
change. |
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Conditions leading to dissonance |
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prior attitude |
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counter-attitudinal behavior |
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behavior (believed to be) freely chosen |
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behavior is public |
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behavior has foreseeable negative consequences |
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Steele: inconsistency threatens self-concept;
self-affirmation (or rationalization) prevents attitude change. |
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Notes